What Is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a disease in which atypical breast cells grow intensely to form tumors. Breast cancer starts inside the milk ducts and/or its lobules. The earliest stage is in situ (e.g. ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)), but if left unchecked, breast cancer can spread and become life-threatening (1). Breast cancer is complexified not only by its staging, but also by the presence of specific proteins / genes often detected with a tissue or liquid biopsy (e.g. estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), HER2, and more) (2). ER, PR, and HER2 testing should also be performed using methodologies outlined in guidelines (3, 4, 5).
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